Infections constitute the largest group among life-threatening diseases in children particularly in resource-poor areas of the world. However, infections are also an issue in resource-rich countries where even diseases preventable by immunization, such as measles, have been causing epidemics. Moreover, increase in population mobility has facilitated spreading of infections," and imported infections in previously immunized populations are becoming more frequent.
As in other topics in medicine, our knowledge on infectious diseases has been subject to tremendous changes in the last decade: work on new vaccines, association of specific infections with specific genotypes, emerging resistance to microorganisms, and the availability of new therapeutic agents and modalities call for frequent updates for all professionals working in this specialty. A clinician can perform an extensive search on an infectious disorder using internet resources; however, it is rather time consuming and may not necessarily be holistic. While it is unrealistic to cover all developments in one volume, this book offers a concise source of the latest information on a large number of childhood central nervous system infections. Each chapter is written by a specialist with personal experience in these disorders and therefore provides pragmatic coverage of the topic. In addition to the chapters on specific infections, those on general pathogenesis and principles of management should be very useful in providing a basic understanding of the disease process and the underlying approach to management, while the chapter on neuroimaging will enlighten the clinician regarding the appropriate use of various techniques and interpretation of images to provide diagnostic clues to several central nervous system infections.
This addition to the International Review of Child Neurology series is truly an international collaborative effort and is likely to be a great contribution to the commitment of the International Child Neurology Association to education in child neurology. Banu Anlar Departments of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology Hacettepe University Ankara, Turkey

AUTHORS'APPOINTMENTS vii

FOREWORD x

PREFACE xi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xii

1. BURDEN OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INFECTIONS 1

Charles R Newfon

2. PATHOGENESIS OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INFECTIONS 8

Diane E Griffin

3. THE PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INFECTIONS 20

Sunit Singhi

4. NEUROIMAGING 40

Niranjan Khandelwal and Zoran Rumboldt

5. CONGENITAL INFECTIONS 79

James F Bale, Jr

6. FEBRILE SEIZURES 92

Brian GR Neville

7. VIRAL ENCEPHALITIS AND MENINGITIS 100

Diane E Griffin

8. HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTIONS 115

Richard J Whitley

9. JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS 126

Rashmi Kumar and Rupa R Singh

10. RABIES 136

Chandra Kanta and Rashmi Kumar

11. HIV INFECTIONS 147

Jo M Wilmshurst, Brian S Eley and Bruce J Brew

12. ACUTE BACTERIAL MENINGITIS 160

Pratibha Singhi and Sunit Singhi

13. FOCAL INTRACRANIAL SUPPURATION 182

Pratibha Singhi

14. TUBERCULOSIS 202

Johan F Schoeman and Ronald van Toorn

15. FUNGAL INFECTIONS 219

Sunit Singhi

16. PARASITIC INFECTIONS 235

Richard Idro and Charles R Newfon

17. NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS 259

Pratibha Singhi

18. SPIROCHAETAL INFECTIONS 272

Charles R Newton

19. MYCOPLASMAL INFECTIONS 278

Ari Bitnun and Susan E Richardson

20. RICKEITSIAL DISEASE 289

Timothy D Minn/ear and Steven C Buckingham

21. NEUROLOGICAL CONDITIONS CAUSED BY BACTERIAL TOXINS 300

Sunit Singhi and Charles R Newton

22. POSTINFECTIOUS DISORDERS 319

John T Sladky and Hugh J Willison

INDEX 356

COLOUR PLATES 377

中国医科院医学信息研究所