Over the past 20 years, diagnostic tests for pcdiatric pulmonologists have revolutionized care of children afflicted with respiratory disorders. These tests have been used to help not only in diagnosis but also in the management and treatment of these children. Bronchoscopic, imaging, and physiologic advances have improved clinical care and have also been used as outcome measures in research trials.A\The aims of this book are to (1) describe the various diagnostic modalities (especially the newer ones) that are available for the evaluation of pediatric respiratory disorders; (2) understand the advantages and limitations of each test so that the clinician may choose the most appropriate modality; and (3) describe how best to interpret the key findings in a variety of tests as well as the possible pitfalls in interpretation.A\The book focuses on the main diagnostic modalities used in the evaluation of pediatric patients with respiratory disorders and presents up-to-date information on a number of tests that are used for a variety of conditions encountered in the practice of pediatric pulmonology. The clinical applications of the tests are highlighted within each chapter.A\The book contains 14 chapters written by 30 authors; the authors are both young pediatric pulmonologists who are emerging as leaders in our field as well as well-known international experts.A\Target readers are practicing clinicians including pediatric pulmonologists, intensivists, pediatricians, and primary care practitioners. Other readers may include trainees, respiratory therapists, nurses, radiologists, and clinical researchers.A\We would like to thank the staff at Springer, especially Maureen Alexander and Amanda Quinn, for endorsing and editing the book. We especially would like to thank our expert authors for writing such detailed and outstanding chapters. Finally, we would like to thank our families for their continual love, support, and encouragement during this endeavor.Indianapolis, IN, USA:Stephanie D. Davis; Graz, Austria:Ernst Eber; Washington, DC, USA:Anastassios C. Koumbourlis

The Evaluation of the Upper and Lower Airways in Infants and Children: Principles and Pearls from Four Decades in the Trenches 1

Bronchoalveolar Lavage: Tests and Applications 19

Understanding Interventional Bronchoscopy 29

Nasal Nitric Oxide and Ciliary Videomicroscopy: Tests Used for Diagnosing Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia 55

Functional Evaluation of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator 73

Allergic and Immunologic Testing in Children with Respiratory Disease 93

Interpretation of Pulmonary Function Tests in Clinical Practice 109

Infant and Preschool Pulmonary Function Tests 137

Newer Pulmonary Function Tests 159

Selection and Appropriate Use of Spirometric Reference Equations for the Pediatric Population 181

Polysomnography for the Pediatric Pulmonologist 195

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Techniques to Evaluate Exercise Intolerance 211

Imaging for the Pediatric Pulmonologist 257

Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide: Indications and Interpretation 285

Index 309

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