The Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) has become the best evaluative measure of motor function designed for quantifying change in the gross motor abilities of children with cerebral palsy. The new version of the scoring programme has now been released, and includes two abbreviated methods of estimating GMFM-66 scores using the GMFM-66-Item sets and the GMFM-66-Basal & Ceiling.
The measure is very widely used internationally, and is now the standard outcome assessment tool. This new edition builds on the wide success of the first edition and: •Is now based on an updated version of the GMFM scoringprogram (GMAE-2) •Includes an update on the psychometric properties ofthe GMFM-88 and GMFM-66 •Covers development and validation of two abbreviatedmethods of estimating GMFM-66 scores using the GMFM-66 Item sets (GMFM-66-IS) and the GMFM-66-B&C (Basal and Ceiling) •Includes a new longitudinal case illustration of thedevelopment, application and interpretation of the measure •Presents a forward look to an upward extension of theGMFM to assess skill development in highly functional young people with cerebral palsy •Presents a forward look to Quality FunctionMeasure to quantify changes in quality of gross motorfunction.
Readership •Physical Therapists and other health professionalsworking with children, youth and adults with cerebral palsy •Clinical and health services researchers as an outcomemeasure to assess the impact of numerous interventions that are proposed as methods of enhancing gross motor function in this population •Any clinician who is assessing and describing currentgross motor function and evaluating its change over time •It serves the needs of clinical and health servicesresearchers as an outcome measure to assess the impact of any of a host of interventions that are proposed as methods of enhancing gross motor function in this population.

AUTHORS' APPOINTMENTS vii

PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION viii

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION x

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TO THE FIRST EDITION xi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TO THE SECOND EDITION xiii

DISCLAIMER xiv

1. OVERVIEW OF THE GROSS MOTOR FUNCTION MEASURE (GMFM) 1

2. CONCEPTUAL BACKGROUND 4

3. DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE GMFM-88 12

with Niina Kolehmainen

4. DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE GMFM-66 25

with Niina Kolehmainen

5. GMFM-66: TWO SHORT FORMS OF ADMINISTRATION 46

6. ADMINISTRATION AND SCORING GUIDELINES FOR THE GMFM-88 AND GMFM-66 61

with Mary Lane

7. INTERPRETATION AND USES OF THE GMFM-88 AND GMFM-66 137

8. APPLICATIONS OF THE GMFM: WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED AND WHERE CAN WE GO NEXT? 183

REFERENCES 190

GLOSSARY OF TERMS 196

APPENDIX 1. METHODS OF DISPLAYING ITEM DIFFICULTY 201

APPENDIX 2. DISPLAY OF ITEM DIFFICULTIES USING THURSTONE THRESHOLDS 207

APPENDIX 3. GROSS MOTOR ABILITY ESTIMATORS (GMAE-2) SCORING PROGRAM TUTORIAL FOR THE GMFM-66 210

APPENDIX 4. CASE SCENARIOS OF TWO CHILDREN WHO MISFIT THE GMFM-66 ITEM DIFFICULTY MODEL 231

APPENDIX 5. GMFM-66 ITEM SET SCORE SHEET 237

APPENDIX 6. GMFM-66 BASAL & CEILING SCORE SHEET 244

APPENDIX 7. GROSS MOTOR FUNCTION CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM-EXPANDED 8c REVISED (GMFCS-E&R) 247

APPENDIX 8. GMFM-88 AND GMFM-66 SCORE SHEET 251

APPENDIX 9. GMFM-66 AND GMFM-88 CROSS-SECTIONAL AND CHANGE SCORES 257

APPENDIX 10. STANDARD ERROR OF MEASUREMENT 262

APPENDIX 11. CASE SCENARIO OF TREVOR 263

APPENDIX 12. ADDITIONAL EXAMPLES OF THE USE OF THE MOTOR MEASURES WITH CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY IN PHYSICAL THERAPY PRACTICE 270

Doreen J Bartlett and Laura K Brunton

APPENDIX 13. ONTARIO MOTOR GROWTH CURVES 280

INDEX 287

中国医科院医学信息研究所