Photon-in-photon-out core level spectroscopy is an emerging approach to characterize the electronic structure of catalysts and enzymes, and it is either installed or planned for intense synchrotron beam lines and X-ray free electron lasers. This type of spectroscopy requires high-energy resolution spectroscopy not only for the incoming X-ray beam but also, in most applications, for the detection of the outgoing photons. Thus, the use of high-resolution X-ray crystal spectrometers whose resolving power ΔE/E is typically about 10-4, is mandatory.
High-Resolution XAS/XES: Analyzing Electronic Structures of Catalysts covers the latest developments in X-ray light sources, detectors, crystal spectrometers, and photon-in-photon-out core level spectroscopy techniques. It also addresses photon-in-photon-out core level spectroscopy applications for the study of catalytic systems, highlighting hard X-ray measurements primarily due to probe high penetration, enabling in situ studies.
This first-of-its-kind book:
Discusses high-resolution X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in terms of time-resolved and surface enhancement
Supplies an understanding of catalytic reactivity essential for capitalizing on core level X-ray spectroscopy at fourth-generation light sources (XFELs)
Describes all spectrometers developed to perform core level X-ray spectroscopy, considering the advantages and disadvantages of each
Details methods to elucidate aspects of catalysts under working conditions, such as active sites and molecule adsorption
Introduces theoretical calculations of spectra and explores biological as well as heterogeneous catalysts
Complete with guidelines and warnings for the use of this type of spectroscopy, High-Resolution XAS/XES: Analyzing Electronic Structures of Catalysts provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of this exciting field.

Photon-in photon-out core level spectroscopy is an emerging approach to characterize the electronic structure of catalysts and enzymes, and it is either installed or planned for intense synchrotron beam lines (third generation of X-ray light) and X-ray free electron lasers (fourth generation of X-ray light). This type of spectroscopy requires high-energy resolution spectroscopy not only for thein coming X-ray beam but also, in most applications, for the detection of the outgoing photons. Thus, the use of high-resolution X-ray crystal spectrometers whose resolving power E/E is typically about 10 is mandatory.
Herein, we have compiled the developments on X-ray light sources, detectors, crystal spectrometers, as well as the plethora of photon-in photon-out core level spectroscopy techniques that have been developed. The book also encompasses two sections on photon-in photon-out core level spectroscopy applications to the study of catalytic systems. The applications highlighted are restricted to hard X-ray measurements since they encompass most of the studies involving catalysis, primarily due to high penetration probes, enabling in situ studies.
The book is for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as for scientists working in the area of materials and catalysis. It should be mentioned that the goal of the book is to provide an overview of the field. The examples were chosen in order to cover a larger range of scientific experiments as concisely as possible. Therefore, and in the name of the authors, we would like to apologize for any work that has not been referenced or mentioned. Any omission was decided upon simply on the basis of chapter concision. Finally, the book was written in a language that we consider accessible to most undergraduate science students. Technical terms and mathematical expressions were mentioned only when strictly necessary.
I would like to finish on a personal note, and thank the chapter authors for their contributions and all the scientific works that made the execution of the book possible.

Preface vii

The Editor ix

Contiibutors xi

Chapter I X-ray Sources and Detectors 1

Christopher J.M ilne

Chapter 2 Crystal Spectromete1s 27

J ean-Cla11de Dousse and Joanna Hoszowska

Chapter 3 Techniques: RXES, H R-XAS, HEROS, GIXRF, and GEXRF 59

Jak11b Szlacherko and Yves Kayser

Chapter 4 Theoretical Approaches ll7

Thomas J.Penfold

Chapter 5 Biological Catalysts 153

Serena DeBeer

Chapter 6 Heterogeneous Catalysts 169

Jacinto Sa

Index 195

中科院文献情报中心