书名：Natural Fatty Acids
责任者： Rita Wu ... [et al.]
摘要
This report describes fatty acids obtained from the hydrolysis of natural fats and oils and from the fractional distillation of crude tall oil. These acids are almost entirely straight-chain, even-numbered monocarboxylic acids containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms. The report does not cover petroleum-derived fatty acids. The principal raw materials from which these natural fatty acids are derived are tallow; crude tall oil; and palm, coconut, palm kernel, and soybean oils. Smaller amounts of other oils (e.g., rapeseed and fish oils) are also used. Whether used as such or in the form of various derivatives, fatty acids are ultimately consumed in a wide variety of end-use industries. The economic growth of many of these industries (e.g., personal and household care, rubber, plastics, and detergents) is often a good indicator of the overall economic performance of a region. Not surprisingly, the historical growth in the consumption of fatty acids has tended to approximate GDP growth in the region of their consumption.
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目录
Executive summary 7
Summary 8
Introduction 11
Manufacturing processes 13
Raw material sources and types of fatty acids 14
Tallow 15
Tall oil fatty acids 15
Coconut and palm kernel 16
Soybean 17
Other 17
Environmental issues 18
Supply and demand by region 19
North America 19
- Producing companies 19
- Fat and oil splitting 19
- Akzo Nobel 20
- Emery Oleochemicals 21
- P&G 21
- PMC 21
- Twin Rivers 21
- Vantage Oleochemicals 22
- WF 22
- TOFA 22
- Kraton Corporation (formerly Arizona Chemical Company) 23
- Solenis (formerly Ashland Water Technologies) 24
- Eastman Chemical Company 24
- Ingevity (formerly Georgia- Pacific Pine Chemicals) 24
- Ingevity (formerly MeadWestvaco) 24
- Salient statistics 25
- Consumption 27
- Fatty amine derivatives (via nitrile route) 32
- Quaternary ammonium salts 33
- Amines, diamines, and ethoxylated amines 34
- Other fatty acid derivatives 34
- Esters 35
- Metal salts 35
- Monomer/dimer/trimer acids 37
- Ester quats 38
- Anionic specialty surfactants 38
- Fatty acid- polyamine condensates and their quats 39
- Fatty acid amides 40
- Amphoteric surfactants 40
- Shorter- chain fatty acid production (ozonolysis) 41
- Alkyl ketene dimer 41
- Oleic/linoleic acids from tall oil fatty acids 41
- Other 41
- Fatty acids used as such or as alkali metal salts 41
- Cosmetics, soaps, polishes, and household and industrial cleaners 41
- Emulsion polymerization 42
- Alkyd resins 42
- Rubber compounding 43
- Crayons, candles 43
- Animal feed 43
- Mining 43
- Buffing compounds 43
- Other fatty acids 43
- Price 44
- Trade 45
- Imports 45
- Exports 46
Mexico 47
Central and South America 48
Western Europe 50
- Producing companies 50
- Fat and oil splitting 50
- TOFA 53
- Regulatory issues 58
- Salient statistics 59
- Consumption 62
- Fatty amine derivatives (via nitrile route) 64
- Quaternary ammonium salts 64
- Amines, diamines, and ethoxylated amines 64
- Other fatty acid derivatives 64
- Esters 64
- Ester quats 65
- Metal salts 65
- Monomer/dimer/trimer acids 65
- Fatty alcohols 66
- Amphoteric surfactants/betaine 66
- Fatty acid amides 66
- Fatty acid- polyamine condensates and their quats 66
- Fatty acids used as such 66
- Cosmetics, soaps, polishes, and household and industrial cleaners 67
- Emulsion polymerization 67
- Alkyd resins 67
- Rubber compounding 67
- Crayons, waxes, candles 68
- Animal feed 68
- Mining 68
- Other fatty acids 68
- Price 68
- Trade 69
- Imports 69
- Exports 70
Central and Eastern Europe 71
- Producing companies 71
- Salient statistics 73
- Consumption 74
- Price 74
- Trade 75
- Imports 75
- Exports 75
Middle East 76
- Producing companies 76
- Salient statistics 77
- Consumption 78
- Price 78
- Trade 78
- Imports 78
- Exports 79
Africa 79
- Producing companies 79
- Salient statistics 80
- Consumption 81
- Price 81
- Trade 82
- Imports 82
- Exports 82
Asian producing companies 83
Japan 84
- Producing companies 84
- New Japan Chemical Co., Ltd. 85
- Kao Corporation 85
- NOF Corporation 85
- Miyoshi Oil & Fat 86
- Salient statistics 86
- Consumption 89
- Fatty amine derivatives (via nitrile route) 91
- Other fatty acid derivatives 91
- Esters and specialty surfactants 91
- Metal salts (calcium, zinc, magnesium, and aluminum stearates) 92
- Monomer/dimer/trimer acids 93
- Fatty acid amides (including fatty alkanolamides) 93
- Other metal salts (lead, barium, cadmium, and other stearates) 93
- Other derivatives 93
- Fatty acids used as such or as alkali metal salts 94
- Soap and cleaners 94
- Rubber processing 94
- Emulsion polymerization 94
- Alkyd resins 94
- Detergents 94
- Lubricants, grease, and waxes 94
- Other fatty acids 94
- Price 94
- Trade 96
Other Asia 97
- China 98
- Producing companies 98
- Wilmar International 100
- Taiko Palm- Oleo (Zhangjiagang) Co., Ltd. 100
- Rugao Shuangma Chemical Co., Ltd. 101
- Salient statistics 101
- Consumption 101
- Fatty amine derivatives (via nitrile route) 102
- Other fatty acid derivatives 102
- Esters 102
- Metal salts 103
- Monomer/dimer/trimer acids 103
- Fatty acid amides 103
- Amphoteric surfactants 103
- Other 103
- Fatty acids as such 103
- Cosmetics, soaps, polishes, and household and industrial cleaners 103
- Other 104
- Price 104
- Trade 104
- India 105
- Producing companies 105
- Price 107
- Trade 107
- Indonesia 109
- Producing companies 109
- PT Cisadane Raya Chemical 110
- PT Sumi Asih 110
- PT Sinar Oleochemical International (Soci Mas) 110
- PT Ecogreen Oleochemicals 110
- PT Musim Mas 110
- PT Wilmar Bioenergi Indonesia 110
- Price 111
- Trade 111
- Malaysia 113
- Producing companies 113
- Price 114
- Trade 114
- Philippines 116
- Producing companies 116
- United Coconut Chemicals Inc. 117
- Pan Century Surfactants Inc. 117
- Trade 117
- South Korea 119
- Producing companies 119
- Price 119
- Trade 120
- Taiwan 121
- Producing companies 121
- Price 122
- Trade 122
- Thailand 124
- Producing companies 124
- Price 125
- Trade 125
- Australia 127
- Producing companies 127
- Trade 127
Additional resources 129
Revisions 130
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