Over 90 percent of all petrochemical products are made from seven chemicals. These chemicals are referred to as primary petrochemicals, basic petrochemicals, or petrochemical building blocks.
The primary petrochemicals from which the vast majority of petrochemical products are derived are:
▪ Olefins - Ethylene, propylene and butadiene
▪ Aromatics - Benzene, toluene and para-xylene
▪ Syngas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen) – used to make methanol which is increasingly becoming important as a source of olefins (and very recently, aromatics) This report focuses on Aromatics.

1 Executive Summary 1

2 Aromatics Feedstocks 4

2.1 Key Developments 4

2.2 Petrochemical Feedstocks 5

      2.2.1 Role of the Refinery 6

      2.2.2 Methanol to Aromatics 6

2.3 Aromatics Feedstocks 8

      2.3.1 Reformate 9

      2.3.2 Pygas 9

      2.3.3 Coal Tar 9

2.4 Aromatics Feedstock Demand Outlook 11

3 Benzene 14

3.1 Key Developments 14

3.2 Benzene Feedstock 15

      3.2.1 Steam cracking 15

      3.2.2 Reformer-based aromatics 15

3.3 Benzene Supply Base 15

3.4 Benzene Capacity Development 17

4 para-Xylene 19

4.1 Key Developments 19

4.2 para-Xylene Supply Base 20

4.3 para-Xylene Capacity Development 23

Appendices

A Methodology 26

A.1 Market Dynamics Forecasting Methodology 26

      A.1.1 Capacity Availability and Forecasting 26

      A.1.2 End-Use Consumption Forecasting 26

      A.1.2.1 End-Use Sector Growth 27

      A.1.2.2 Penetration (New Application Growth) 27

      A.1.2.3 Short-term Influences 28

      A.1.2.4 Monomer Consumption Forecasting 28

      A.1.3 Production and Trade Forecasting 29

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