The first edition of Veterinary Clinical Parasitology was published in 1948 and has been used since that time by students, veterinary practitioners and others as an aid in the diagnosis of parasitic infections. Since 1994, it has been published under the auspices of the American Association of Veterinary Parasitology (AAVP) with the proceeds going to support student travel to the AAVP annual meeting. This sponsorship has not only supported development of more than one generation of veterinary parasitologists, but has also involved a community of parasitologists in the production of the book. The relationship with AAVP continues with the 9th edition. Also, as with past editions, this edition focuses on morphologic identification of parasites, which continues to be widely used in veterinary medicine, increasingly in combination with molecular or immunologic techniques.
There are also some new features in the 9th edition. We have added a Chapter summarizing information on modern parasiticides. Additionally, preceding the photographs ot parasites for each common domestic animal in Chapter 1 there is a table listing current U.S. label-approved treatments for many parasitic infections. We have also added another new Chapter called Diagnostic Dilemmas. In this Chapter we present challenging clinical scenarios and diagnostic results and allow the reader to make a diagnosis. A discussion of each of these scenarios is available on the accompanying website of the book.
The 9th edition also marks changes in the authorship of Veterinary Clinical Parasitology. This is the final edition that will be authored by Dr. Anne Zajac (author since the 6th edition) and Dr. Gary Conboy (author since the 7th edition). Drs. Susan Little and Mason Reichard, who joined as authors for this edition, will guide the book going forward and continue its association with AAVP.

Preface ix

Acknowledgments xi

Authors xv

About the Companion Website xvii

Chapter 1 Fecal Examination for the Diagnosis of Parasitism 1

Collection of Fecal Samples 1

Storage and Shipment of Fecal Samples 2

Fecal Exam Procedures 2

      Fecal Flotation 3

      Additional Procedures for Fecal Examination 12

Quality Control for Fecal Exam Procedures 15

Use of the Microscope 16

      Microscope Calibration 76

Pseudoparasites and Spurious Parasites 79

Identification of Nematode Larvae Recovered with Fecal Flotation or Baermann Procedures 24

Techniques for Evaluation of Strongylid Nematodes in Grazing Animals 29

      Fecal Culture 29

      Identification of Ruminant and Camelid Third-Stage Larvae 30

      Identification of Third-Stage Larvae of Equine Strongyles 35

      Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) 36

      Hoyer's Solution 39

      Lactophenol 40

Parasites of Domestic Animals 41

      Dogs and Cats 42

      Ruminants and Camelids 96

      Horses 126

      Swine 140

      Birds 154

      Rodents and Rabbits 174

      Reptiles 182

Chapter 2 Detection of Protozoan and Helminth Parasites in the Urinary, Reproductive, and Integumentary Systems and in the Eye 191

Techniques for Parasite Recovery 197

      Parasites of the Urinary System 197

      Parasites of the Reproductive Tract 192

      Helminth Parasites of the Integumentary System 192

      Parasite Detection in Urinary and Other Systems 193

Chapter 3 Detection of Parasites in the Blood 207

Immunologic and Molecular Detection of Blood Parasites 207

Microscopic Examination of Blood for Protozoan Parasites 207

      Giemsa Stain 208

Microscopic Examination of Blood for Nematode Parasites 209

      Tests for Canine Heartworm Microfilariae in Blood Samples 210

Blood Parasites of Dogs and Cats 213

Blood Parasites of Livestock and Horses 228

Blood Parasites of Birds 234

Chapter 4 immunodiagnostic and Molecular Diagnostic Tests in Veterinary Parasitology 239

Immunodiagnostic Methods in Parasitology 239

Molecular Diagnostic Methods in Parasitology 243

Chapter 5 Diagnosis of Arthropod Parasites 247

Subclass Acari (Mites and Ticks) 247

      Mite Identification 247

      Tick Identification 278

Class Insecta 300

      Lice (Order Phthiraptera) 300

      Fleas (Order Siphonaptera) 314

      Flies (Order Diptera) 322

      Other Insects 342

Chapter 6 Parasites of Fish 347

Techniques for Recovery of Ectoparasites 347

      Skin Biopsy (Mucus Smear) 348

      Fin Biopsy (Fin Snip) 348

      Gill Biopsy (Gill Snip) 348

Recovery of Endoparasites 349

Parasites of Fish 350

Chapter 7 Treatment of Veterinary Parasites 371

Introduction 371

Anthelmintics 371

      Specific Anthelmintics 372

Ectoparasiticides 375

Protozoal Treatment 378

Non-Traditional Treatments 379

Chapter 8 Diagnostic Dilemmas 381

Diagnostic Dilemma 1 381

Diagnostic Dilemma 2 382

Diagnostic Dilemma 3 383

Diagnostic Dilemma 4 383

Diagnostic Dilemma 5 384

Diagnostic Dilemma 6 385

Diagnostic Dilemma 7 386

Bibliography 387

Index 391

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